How to make a strip foundation for a fence. Fence with brick pillars on a strip foundation. Under heavy fences

Before starting the construction of strip foundations, it is necessary to understand their features so as not to make mistakes that cannot be corrected later.
When building foundations, it is necessary to adhere to the following sequence:

Before starting the calculation of the volume and cost of building materials for the construction of strip foundations, familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for them. Strip foundations are built for capital structures with a large load on the foundation. In order to properly fill a rubble or concrete strip foundation for a fence with your own hands, you must first check the bearing capacity of the soil, make a calculation of materials, and find out the depth of the foundation.

fence plan

In order to draw up a work plan, it is necessary to measure the length of the proposed fence with a tape measure with an accuracy of 1 centimeter. Such accuracy is needed in order to be able to calculate not only the amount of building materials, but also to correctly place the pillars on the plan.

How to calculate the depth and width of the trench under the foundation

What do you need to know before starting construction? The main questions to be addressed are:

• the magnitude of vertical and horizontal loads;
• soil type;
• the presence of underground aquifers;
• find out the depth of soil freezing in the construction area.

Vertical load is the weight from building structures and materials located on the foundation. The calculation is made in tons / m2 based on the volumetric weight of the materials. For a brick fence, the weight of one brick (approximately 4.5 kg) is taken into account and multiplied by their number. The vertical load is directly related to the bearing capacity of the soil and is measured in kg/cm2. Having a total load on the foundation, in tons per square meter, it is easy to find out how many kg / cm2 falls in each case. To do this, it is necessary to divide the load by the area in cm2.

Horizontal load can be generated by a strong side wind or by hanging heavy metal gates.

To determine the type of soil, it is necessary to dig a hole to the depth of freezing and look at its structure. The pit will give a general idea of ​​the presence of aquifers on the site and the level of occurrence of groundwater.

Find out the amount of soil freezing in any construction organization leading construction work in your area. How to calculate the freezing depth, see SNiP 23-01-99 *.

If groundwater reaches high to the surface, a drainage layer of crushed stone or gravel 200 mm thick must be made at the bottom of the trench.

Under what fences do you need solid foundations

Solid strip foundations are built if some part of the foundation rises above the ground. The upper part is lined with:

• decorative tiles;
• stone;
• plaster.

On strip foundations, solid fences made of corrugated board, brick, rubble stone can be arranged. For these types of fences, you need to make a solid concrete base. This is especially true for fences with brick pillars. For them, the geometric dimensions of the brick are taken into account. The laying of brick pillars is done in 1.5 bricks or 380 mm. This size will be the width for the entire strip foundation. In order to save material, the gap between the posts is reduced in width to 200 mm. A fence body with a width of 0.5 bricks or 125 mm is laid on it.

In order to reduce the width of the foundation to 125 mm, it is necessary to apply concrete reinforcement. Such measures lead to higher construction costs. However modern industry found a way out. For reinforcement, use fiberglass reinforcement. It is several times cheaper than metal fittings.

What brand of concrete to choose

For the installation of strip foundations for fences, it is recommended to use the concrete grade M200. Concrete with a brand below M200 is used for lightweight structures or preparation for the base. To calculate the grade of concrete, you do not need to reinvent the wheel. This issue has long been studied and it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations of cement manufacturers.

When preparing the mixture yourself, it is necessary to pay attention to the water-cement ratio and strictly adhere to it. If desired, a rubble-concrete strip foundation can be made in the ground using river or quarry stone. The use of rubble stone significantly reduces the consumption of cement, and generally reduces the cost of construction while maintaining the specified strength characteristics. Concrete foundations will serve for hundreds of years.

Try to drown the stones in the solution so that they do not touch each other. Between the stones there must be a concrete layer of at least 20 mm.

Rules for the preparation of concrete mix

When self-manufacturing a concrete mix, it is necessary to strictly follow the established rules:

1. First, prepare the water in the required amount.
2. Pour a measured amount of cement into the water and mix.
3. Add sand to cement water.
4. Lastly, add crushed stone, gravel, pebbles.

During preparation, the solution is either too thick or too thin. Add some sand and cement to it in the required proportion.
Very often, cement manufacturers give recommendations for preparing mortar in kilograms, as if everyone had a scale at home capable of weighing materials in tons. Therefore, convert the weight ratios to volumetric ratios. And pour the materials into the concrete mixer with buckets. This is the most convenient way to track the consumption of ingredients.

We build a strip foundation step by step

When building a foundation, consider some of the nuances. If the soils are clayey and the walls of the trench hold well and do not crumble, it is possible to concrete in the ground without formwork. After pouring concrete in the ground, formwork is constructed on it to the required dimensions. But it should be remembered that a freshly dug trench can crumble over time or under the influence of precipitation. Therefore, it is necessary to pour the concrete mixture quickly, without waiting for the destruction of the walls of the trench.

If the soils are sandy or sandy, then formwork will have to be done both in the ground and above the ground. The width of the trench should be such that the worker can stand freely in it at least on one side. For the strength and rigidity of the formwork, wooden stakes are driven into the ground. Shields are pulled together with metal wire ties. In order for the foundation to be of the same thickness, wooden spacers of the same size are installed between the shields. During the pouring of the mixture, they are pulled out.

If there is a need to reinforce the base, the mixture must be compacted with vibrators. If there is no vibrator, replace them with steel peaks from reinforcement. The concrete mixture during pouring is “bayoneted” in layers of approximately 200 mm.

The formwork is allowed to be removed on the third day. And to do laying not earlier than in 2-3 weeks. The concrete mixture fully hardens after 30 days, and gains maximum strength after 21 days.

Step-by-step instructions for building a strip foundation in 14 steps:

1. Mark the boundaries of the site with pegs and stretch a rope or steel wire along the outer border of the foundation. This will be the markup.
2. Dig a trench to the depth of soil freezing along the calculated width. If necessary, backfill with crushed stone or gravel with tamping for drainage. This is done to drain groundwater.
3. Make a markup for the pillars and install them.
4. If the soils are clayey and there is a risk of subsidence of the foundation body, install several bars of reinforcement with a diameter of 8 mm or more at the very bottom.
5. Place small stones under the reinforcement. It must be completely absorbed by the concrete.
6. Drive stakes into the sides of the excavated trench to the width of the foundation.
7. Install the formwork from boards with a minimum thickness of 25 mm. Display the mark of the upper plane of the foundation and stretch the wire inside the formwork. This will be the top level of the concreting.
8. For a constant width of the concrete foundation, make spacers of the same length and install between the boards. During concreting, they will need to be pulled out.
9. To prevent the body of the foundation from bursting, tighten the formwork with wire ties.
10. Install the poles vertically and secure them in place. In order to install all the posts evenly, stretch the wire between the extreme posts.
11. Pour the concrete into the formwork. Compact the concrete in layers every 200 mm.
12. Align the top layer.
13. Wait at least a week and remove the formwork.
14. After three weeks, laying on a concrete base is allowed.

Video: Foundation for a fence with brick posts

Video: Technology for building foundations for heavy fences

Four smart tips:

1. Do not take breaks in work while pouring concrete. If such a break cannot be eliminated, do not be too lazy to close the seam with wet rags and wrap it with polyethylene to reduce water evaporation.
2. If there is a threat of night frost, use plasticizers.
3. Remember that even 2-3 cm of sawdust will protect concrete from the damaging effects of freezing temperatures.
4. There are cases when it is necessary to finish the work ahead of the time set for concrete hardening. In this case, use concrete hardening accelerators. If there is no way to buy hardening accelerators, use baking soda for this purpose.

Very often the most difficult question when erecting a fence is the question of whether a foundation is needed for it. The answer is unambiguous - it is necessary. The service life of the fence depends on this. Moreover, it is important to choose the right type of foundation for the fence.

What to look for when choosing a foundation

There are several types of foundation for the fence. That is why it is so important to choose the right type for a particular case. Remember that the correct base for the fence is fully consistent with:

• the weight of the fence;
• the materials used;
• fencing structures;
• the relief of the site;
• soil characteristics.

An important factor is the budget for construction, which you can allocate. In most cases, you have to work limited budget, which greatly complicates the construction process.

Each type of base is suitable for different fence designs:

1. The pillar foundation is a support driven or dug into the ground. They are located at a distance of 1.5 m. The depth of digging depends on the characteristics of the soil and the mass of the fence. They can reach 1.5 m. It can be used on different soils. As a rule, it is chosen for arranging a fence from a profiled sheet.

   Pillar foundation is suitable for areas with swampy soil

2. The monolithic base is suitable for fences made of stone, brick or reinforced concrete slabs. Also, just such a base can be an excellent solution if you work on a site with swampy soils. This type of base is a support that is installed in a layer of concrete. The most expensive, but durable type of fence foundation.

   A monolithic foundation is required for a fence made of brick or reinforced concrete slabs

3. Stone foundation. But this is rather just the basis for the fence, since it does not go deep into the ground. Massive blocks, metal frame and cement mortar are used for manufacturing. Suitable for lightweight materials.

   A stone foundation is essentially not a foundation, therefore it is only suitable for lightweight structures.

4. Strip foundation. This is a closed tape along the perimeter of the building, made of reinforced concrete. Suitable for various types of fences. The advantages of the strip foundation are in the optimal ratio of price and quality, as well as the ability to make it yourself.

Instructions for making a foundation for a fence

Almost any base for fencing can be made by hand, if you carefully study the technology and follow all its requirements.

Strip foundation

Process of creation of this type the basis for the fence consists of certain successive stages. With consistent and careful execution of each of them, in the end you will get a solid foundation for your fence. So, you need:

1. Carry out the marking of the territory. To do this, around the perimeter of the site, which will be surrounded by a fence, you need to drive in pegs, between which to pull the twine. Separately, it is necessary to designate the location of the gate and gate.
2. Dig a trench. The depth of the ditch is at least 35 cm, at the installation sites of the supports - 60–90 cm. The width is about 40 cm.
3. Install support poles. Any material can be used as them. Usually these are pipes with a diameter of about 80 mm. Their height should be such that, when dug into the ground, it is enough for the entire height of the future fence. They need to be installed in prepared holes, covered with broken bricks, gravel or stone.
4. Reinforce the bottom of the trench. To begin with, the bottom is covered with a layer of rubble or gravel. Horizontal reinforcement is laid on it, to which vertical pins are attached.
5. Install formwork. It must be installed in such a way that it extends 20–25 cm beyond the trench. At this stage, it is very important to ensure that the boards are installed strictly vertically. It must be properly fixed from the outside. You can do it with stones.

   Formwork is usually made from boards.

6. Concrete formwork. For the foundation, it is necessary to use two types of cement mortar. For the underground part, you will need a cement-sand mortar with the addition of gravel, for the above-ground part - without it. Remember that concrete must be poured gradually, excluding the possibility of bubbles appearing inside the formwork. Boards can be removed the next day. However, the fence itself can be erected no earlier than three weeks later.

   The tape should protrude slightly above ground level.

Video: do-it-yourself strip foundation for a fence

The base for a light fence made of corrugated board

For a fence made of profiled sheet, the foundation may not be so solid. Such a fence can be installed on a columnar foundation:

To increase the strength of the foundation, you can additionally dig a shallow trench, the bottom of which is covered with geotextiles, covered with rubble and covered with a film. Next, install the formwork, reinforce the bottom, then pour the cement mixture.

For such a fence, large stones laid on top of each other can also be used as a foundation. However, this has its own difficulties. Doing it yourself is not as easy as it seems at first glance, since the material differs in size and shape, and besides, their surface is uneven.

Video: pole base for the fence

brick fence foundation

A brick fence needs a solid and solid foundation, because the mass of such a structure is impressive. The consequences of non-compliance with the technology or the choice of the wrong type of base can manifest itself in the form of cracks on the fence itself. There are two options for arranging the foundation for a brick fence, which are equally suitable for both a three-meter structure and a small fence:

• strip foundation (depth 40–50 cm, width 40 cm), part of which is above the ground (it must be reinforced with reinforcement 12–14, two at the top and two at the bottom);
• the grillage is arranged at the locations of the pillars to the depth of freezing, that is, 120–1250 cm deep into the ground, and between them is the usual reinforced tape.

The second option for arranging the foundation is more reliable in the case of building a brick fence.

Brick fence requires a solid foundation

There are secrets, knowing which you can significantly increase the life of the foundation:

• under the tape, you can equip a sand cushion, which is additionally moistened with water, which will significantly reduce the risk of displacement of the base;
• use cement not lower than grade M-200;
• pour concrete at a time;
• if you do not make the solution yourself, but order it from a specialized company, then you need to order 10% more, since part of the water will necessarily be absorbed into the soil;
• between the foundation and the brickwork there must be a layer of waterproofing.

The basement of the fence is integral with the foundation

Foundation for fence with brick pillars

Brick pillars perform a decorative function rather than a practical one. However, such a fence can be installed in areas where it is necessary to slightly equalize the elevation difference on the site.

Under brick pillars, you can use a pile foundation

The process of creating the foundation takes place according to the following plan:

1. Dig a ditch around the perimeter of the future fence up to 70 cm deep and at least 80 cm wide.
2. Place a drainage pad on the bottom. You need to use sand and crushed stone of a large fraction for this.
3. Lay roofing material.
4. Pour a 20 cm layer of cement mortar. Lay a reinforcing mesh in this layer. Use rebar with a diameter of 6 mm.
5. After the concrete has completely hardened, cover it with roofing material.
6. Now you can equip the tape with two bricks. It will have to be raised to ground level.
7. Now you need to reinforce the location of the pillars. A wire with a diameter of 3 mm will be enough.
8. Lay out a brick plinth, and both the plinth and the pillars are laid out as a whole. Further, the pillars are laid out in monolithic masonry.

It is possible to reduce the cost of such a foundation by replacing part of the bricks with reinforced concrete slabs, and simply facing it with bricks.

The strip foundation under the fence with brick pillars looks original

Features of pouring the base under the fence

In the process of creating the foundation for the fence, the stage of concrete preparation is very important, and it doesn’t matter at all what kind of foundation will be on your site. There are certain rules that must be followed without fail. This is the only way to be sure of the quality of the foundation.

Proportions of concrete

The concrete mixture necessarily includes four main components:

• cement;
• sand;
• crushed stone;
• water.

In the mortar for the foundation for the fence, crushed stone is added only to the part that will be located underground.

The quality of concrete also depends on the quality of the cement used. For the foundation, it is recommended to choose cement not lower than the M500 grade.

The quality of concrete depends on the quality of the cement used.

At this stage in the manufacture of the foundation, it is very important to observe proportions. Do not think that the more cement you add to the mixture, the better the mortar will be. This is not true. On the contrary, it will become unnecessarily fragile, which will lead to the destruction of the foundation.

As for the proportions, they depend on the brand of finished concrete:

• concrete M 100 - 1: 5.8: 6.1 (cement: sand: crushed stone);
• concrete M 200 - 1: 3.5: 5.6 (cement: sand: crushed stone);
• concrete M 300 - 1: 2.4: 4.3 (cement: sand: crushed stone);
• concrete M 400 - 1: 1.6: 3.2 (cement: sand: crushed stone);
• concrete M 450 - 1: 1.4: 2.9 (cement: sand: crushed stone).

The optimal proportion for the foundation for the fence is the ratio 1:3:5. As for water, it varies between 0.4–0.7.

Video: do-it-yourself concrete preparation for the foundation

The service life of the fence, its appearance depends on the foundation, including. It is very important to choose the right type of base, taking into account the soil, the topography of the site used to enclose the material.

In the construction of many types of fences, the method of pouring a monolithic base is used. There is simply no alternative to pouring a strip foundation for a stone fence, brickwork and sections. And as practice shows, it is this type of foundation that allows you to do most of the work yourself, from calculating the estimate to installing a fence on a strip foundation.

Ready foundation before a set of spans

Fences on a strip foundation have gained popularity among owners who want to enclose the estate with a reliable fence. Filling the strip foundation under the fence ensures the strength of the structure during the autumn-winter period of heaving of the soil.

Such a foundation also becomes indispensable in wetlands.

There it acts not only as a reliable foundation for a fence, but also serves as an artificial barrier to create an embankment on the site. Installing a fence on these soils is more troublesome because of the inconvenience of performing work.

Metal picket fence

Under normal conditions, the device of a strip foundation for a fence is necessary for the installation of fences:

• from stone;
• from massive elements;
• fences of the combined design from a stone and a professional leaf.

In addition, a do-it-yourself strip foundation for a fence can be successfully poured under barriers, the spans of which are made of other materials:

• from a profiled sheet;
• from a wooden picket fence or;
• or others .

Massive structure on a strip base

Training

At the initial stage construction works a route is laid for the construction of the fence and a preliminary calculation of the estimate of materials and the amount of work is carried out.

The starting points for the calculation will be:

1. The length of the plot or the total length of the entire hedge.
2. Determination of the main material of pillars and spans.
3. The study of the quality indicators of soils on the site.
4. What type of formwork will be performed.
5. What material is needed to reinforce the fill.
6. How to fill the volume of formwork.

For work, you should use a professional calculation calculator. As a result, he will issue information not only on the needs of concrete and reinforcement, but also on the formwork structure and the materials necessary for its construction.

Of course, you can arm yourself with an ordinary calculator and carry out long calculations yourself, more than once getting confused and making a lot of mistakes. True, what we eventually build may be much more expensive than it should be in reality.

Base with height difference

Mounting

During the installation process, a platform is prepared for the base tape, the surface level of the site is leveled, if necessary, and the trench is marked. If a fence with brick pillars on a strip foundation is planned, a wider base and a natural stone plinth can be calculated for the pillars.

Scheme of reinforcement of a tape base with a height difference

The formwork for a strip foundation for a fence made of corrugated board with pillars made of a profile pipe can be of small height. The only thing that needs to be taken into account here is an increase in the depth of the pit for the pillars.

Finished fence with brick pillars

markup

Marking along the route of the fence is done using marking twine and pegs. Before you make the markup, it is recommended to watch a training video on the breakdown of the site under the base of the house. There is practically no difference between the strip foundation of the house and the fence.

After marking the base of the strip foundation, marking is done. Then a trench of the desired depth and width comes off.

Reinforcement and installation of pillars

The installation of a reinforced frame is mainly used on complex heaving soils or when a strip foundation is poured under a brick fence.

Tape reinforcement scheme

For fencing made of corrugated board and chain-link mesh

Reinforcement is carried out with metal reinforcement in 2 meshes with a step of 200x200 mm with a reinforcement diameter of 10-12 mm.

Before formwork installation

The reinforcing cage is connected from vertical, horizontal and transverse segments using a mounting wire.

Under heavy fences

The foundation for the brick fence needs strengthening. Here, as well as, the use of TISE technology is recommended. On such soils, a columnar-tape type of foundation is arranged. The required diameter of the base pillars can be provided with a special drill.

Reinforcement of the frame for poles and tape using TISE technology

Scheme of the tape according to TISE technology

Formwork for pouring the foundation under, mesh or is usually made 1/2 of the depth of the fill. For the construction of brick or stone, the formwork is selected depending on the project. It can reach a height of 50 or even 70 cm, provided that the foundation pit itself is dug up to the freezing point of the soil.

For complex elements such as main pillars or both

Scheme of the device tape with brick pillars

flooded tape

fill

The bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of sand up to 5 cm thick and a layer of gravel up to 10 cm if the pit comes off to a depth of 1 meter. For a smaller excavation, the cushion layer can be reduced.

To avoid unnecessary consumption of concrete, it is recommended to sheathe the bottom of the pit, the inner walls and the formwork with plastic wrap before concreting.

Filling is done at a time throughout the strip foundation for the fence. Initially, concrete is poured into the places where the pillars are installed, and then into the areas between the pillars. During pouring, concrete must be constantly compacted.

To reduce the amount of concrete, with its independent production, it is possible to use rubble stone, brick battle, crushed stone of a large fraction as a filler.

Filling should be completed in one day. The maximum that can be allowed is to fill in two stages with a difference of no more than 1 day. But at the same time, the quality of concrete will be lower than usual by 30-40%.

In the process of preparing for the independent construction of the fence, you need to purchase not only high-quality materials for its arrangement, but also create a reliable, most durable and durable foundation for installing the fence.

The service life of the fence and its main characteristics largely depend on the quality of the foundation. There are several types of fence bases. With the device of each of them you can handle yourself. It is only necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of the existing options and choose the appropriate type of foundation.

Currently, several main types of foundations are successfully used for installing fences. When choosing a particular type of foundation, a number of factors must be taken into account, the most important of which are the following points:

The most optimal design option for self-erection is a tape-column base. This design perfectly withstands the loads created by most types of existing fences.

Peculiarities

It is a combined option. A concrete tape is being prepared with pre-arranged holes for placing supports. When choosing the width of the foundation tape and the optimal diameter of the supports, it is necessary to take into account the height and total mass of the fence.

To achieve maximum reliability and the required stability of the structure, the tape and columnar supports are necessarily reinforced. Thanks to the reinforcement, the load will be distributed as evenly as possible throughout the structure.

The combined foundation can withstand the weight of a wooden and brick fence, as well as corrugated fencing without any problems.

For pouring, the most common concrete is used. In general, there are no problems with the foundation device.

Arrangement

First step. Prepare your markup. Install wooden or metal pegs around the entire perimeter of the future structure. Stretch any rope between the pegs. This markup will help you better navigate in the process of performing further work.

Second step. According to the marking, dig a hole with a width corresponding to the width of the concrete tape you are pouring and a depth of about 50 cm.

Third step. In the trench, prepare recesses for placing support posts. The depth of the pits should be at least 80 cm, the step between the posts should be 100-250 cm.

It is difficult to give specific values ​​\u200b\u200bof the depth and distance between the supports, because these parameters must be selected individually in accordance with the type of soil and the weight of the future fence. The heavier the fence, the deeper the holes should be and the smaller the distance between the supports should be.

Pits can be made using an ordinary drill or other convenient devices.

Fourth step. Install the formwork around the perimeter of the future foundation. It will simultaneously prevent the collapse of the earth and allow you to navigate at the stage of pouring the foundation.

Fifth step. Fill the bottom of each pit with a pillow of roofing material folded a couple of times and lower the support posts into the pits. The supports must be additionally driven into the ground up to about 200 mm. Tie up the posts with reinforcing bars at a depth of about 10 cm below ground level. Also, reinforcement in the form of a grid must be put on the entire foundation tape. Tie the mesh yourself from 8 mm rods.

Sixth step. Start pouring the foundation. Pour concrete in horizontal layers, slowly and evenly, so that no voids appear that can reduce the strength of the structure.

The fill will dry for 3-5 weeks. In hot weather, water the concrete. The formwork can be removed about two weeks after the concrete is poured, but it is better to do this after the foundation has completely hardened and gained strength.

This design will serve as long as possible, enduring even the heaviest loads.

columnar base

Peculiarities

The arrangement of such a foundation does not require special skills and labor costs - it is enough to dig the required number of holes, install support pillars in them and fill the holes with concrete.

Among the advantages of such a foundation, it should be noted the ease of construction and affordable cost. Pillar foundations are best suited for light fences made of wooden boards, metal mesh, corrugated board.

Arrangement

First step. Take a garden drill and prepare holes around the perimeter of the future fence. There will be enough holes with a depth of about 1-1.5 m. The diameter of the recess should exceed the diameter of the supporting pillars by about 20-25 cm. Place the holes in increments of about 2 m. In general, be guided by the characteristics of the soil and the weight of the future fence. Recommendations in this regard were given in the section on the strip-column base.

Second step. Backfill the bottom of the pits with about 20cm of sand and gravel and compact the backfill.

Third step. Install the posts in the holes, level them to the same level and fill the space around the posts with concrete mortar.

It will take you several times less money to equip such a foundation compared to the previous type of foundation, because. here you can save on the amount of concrete, reinforcing bars and formwork.

Tape base

Peculiarities

Non-buried reinforced concrete foundation. For pouring, two hundredth concrete will be enough, it can be higher. Pre-prepare reinforcing bars with a diameter of 8-10 mm, formwork material (boards, shields or plywood), coarse sand.

The tape can have different thicknesses. If you are equipping a heavy welded metal fence, deepen the tape by 80-100 cm. For light fences, a 50-centimeter depth will be enough.

Arrangement

First step. Dig a trench about 80 cm deep and 30-100 cm wide, depending on the features of the future fence.

Second step. Backfill the bottom of the trench with a 15 cm layer of sand and gravel and carefully tamp the backfill.

Third step. Lay the reinforcing mesh, stepping back about 10 cm from the walls of the pit and about 7 cm from its bottom.

Fourth step. Install and secure formwork.

Fifth step. Fill the trench with concrete. Leave the foundation to dry and gain strength for 1-1.5 months.

Such a foundation is optimally suited for the installation of heavy and large fences. A trench is dug, a layer of gravel is poured, compacted, after which the foundation is poured in layers.

In addition, each layer of concrete is subject to mandatory compaction. Supports for a protection are established directly on the filled in basis. They are not used for profiled sheet fences due to the inappropriateness of such a solution - there are simpler and more budget options.

stone base

Peculiarities

For the arrangement of such a foundation, stones of various sizes and shapes are used. Stone foundations are considered the most reliable and durable. They are mainly used in the arrangement of stone fences or expensive forged fences.

The construction of a stone foundation requires significant financial investments. You can additionally save by refusing the services of third-party specialists and doing all the relevant activities yourself.

Arrangement

First step. Dig a trench. Select the dimensions of the pit individually in accordance with the features of the future fence.

Second step. Fill the bottom of the trench with a layer of gravel and carefully tamp the backfill.

Third step. Start laying rocks. First place large elements, the gaps between them can be filled with smaller stones. Additionally, fasten all elements with cement mortar. In total, the solution should account for at least 15% of the total volume of the base.

Thus, for the construction of the fence, you can use a variety of foundations. The most popular are columnar and tape-columnar (or simply tape) bases. With their arrangement, there will be no particular difficulties even for an unprepared home master.

Remember: the foundation is the most important building element. It is the foundation that sets the direction for further stages of work. The durability, integrity, reliability and, in general, the quality of the entire building directly depend on the literacy of the foundation. Therefore, be careful at each stage and follow the instructions in everything.

Successful work!

Video - Do-it-yourself foundation for a fence

The foundation is necessary not only when building a house, but also when constructing a fence. Only thanks to this, the fence will stand like a glove for many years. It will not warp and will not shrink only thanks to a high-quality basis. Do-it-yourself strip foundation for a fence is not difficult to do, it is important to make the right calculations and use the right materials.

Advantageous differences of the tape base

The tape type of the foundation is one of the most common types of foundations today, not only for the construction of a residential building, but also for the construction of fences. It is such a foundation that it is advisable to use for the construction of fences from corrugated board.

Construction technology

The device of the strip foundation is carried out in several stages. Before embarking on any type of work, it is necessary to determine the size of the base.

1. Try to do everything carefully and carefully calculate each step. First you need to draw the design of the future fence and apply the dimensions of the future foundation. Several factors influence them: if you want to build a strip base under a massive and heavy stone fence, then you should take into account the depth of soil freezing and dig a trench 20 cm below this value.
2. A fence on a strip foundation made of a profiled sheet is usually arranged to a depth of no more than 80 cm, the width of the base can start from 30 and reach up to 80 cm.
3. If you plan to build pillars of brick, and protect the spans with sheets of corrugated board, then it is advisable to make the width of the tape under them somewhat narrower than at the base of the pillars - to save material). If you are going to close the distance between the posts with a beautiful wrought-iron fence, then the width of the tape can also be made 30 cm.
4. Be sure to check all dimensions. They must be in harmony with each other.

After calculations and sizing, you can go directly to the question of how to make a strip foundation for a fence.

• First, marking work is carried out and a trench of the required size is dug.
• The bottom of the trench is well tamped and a layer of sand or gravel is poured (at least 15 cm). Ideally, it is better to use a mixture of these materials. The pillow under the base should be very well moistened with water.
• Despite the fact that a small depth is arranged under the fence, it must be reinforced. Therefore, a metal skeleton of reinforcing bars is laid on a gravel-sand sole moistened with water.
• At the last stage, the formwork is mounted and the concrete mixture is poured.

Features of the construction of the tape base

Do-it-yourself strip foundation for fences can be divided into several types. These include:

Foundation formwork

Formwork can be made from any material at hand. Considering that the base under the fence lies shallow, the formwork itself does not differ in high height.

For it, you can use thin boards, plywood, laminated chipboard. The main task of the formwork is to provide the foundation with a flat surface. That is why the material should not bend and be sure to withstand the mass of poured concrete. The formwork for the tape fence is a temporary element, so it should be easy to disassemble after the mixture has solidified.

The erection of a strip base can also be carried out without a formwork device. This is possible in the following cases: the depth of the foundation should not be more than 80 cm. The future foundation should be devoid of a plinth protruding above the soil level. The soil in the trench must be sufficiently dense to prevent it from falling inward, especially when pouring concrete.

Foundation depth

Separately, one should dwell on such a parameter as the depth of the foundation. Despite the fact that the standard depth of the foundation is adopted for fences, it is 60-80 cm, it is necessary to take into account the very design of the future fence.

Do not forget about the supports. The depth of the strip foundation for the fence may not be sufficient for their stability. The supports must be installed to a depth of 90 cm. For this, additional drilling is carried out at their installation sites.

Useful information

A strip foundation device for a non-specialist in construction may contain many pitfalls. The strength and reliability of any foundation depends on many factors, so you should heed the advice of professionals.

For example, for massive fences, experts strongly recommend using concrete grade M200 or M300. This significantly increases the strength characteristics of the entire base.

To mark the territory, it is advisable to use a level or theodolite, since it is very difficult to correct errors later.

It is better to choose reinforcement for the skeleton with a diameter of about 10 mm. Ideally, it is necessary to lay it in a trench, stepping back from the walls of 10 centimeters. The reinforcement bars are interconnected by wire or welding is used. The second option is preferable, since it provides a more reliable fixation of the bars to each other than a knitting wire.

One of the important and crucial moments is the pouring of the foundation. This process is of great importance during the installation of the foundation for the fence, so before proceeding directly with pouring the concrete solution into the formwork, make sure that everything is in order and prepare the necessary tools.

Experts recommend letting the concrete mortar stand for about 10 minutes, and only then pour it into the formwork. Distribute the mixture around the entire perimeter, do not leave even a millimeter of free space. Do not forget to bayonet the mortar poured into the formwork to remove air.

When the entire solution is filled, carefully tamp it (ideally, it is better to use a deep vibrator, if there is none, a metal bar or shovel will do). Then level the surface with a spatula. Do not forget to cover the surface of the base with a film to protect it from moisture loss and precipitation. If you poured the foundation under the fence above ground level and plan to do the cladding, then these works can be started a month after the formwork has been removed.

If you are preparing the concrete mixture yourself, then follow all the established proportions. It is impossible to save on material, in the future this will only lead to a weakening of the strength of concrete and can cause deformation of the fence and all work on the device will be in vain. For a strip base for a fence, the ratio of materials is taken 2: 2: 1 - crushed stone: sand: cement. In this case, it is desirable to use the cement brand M200.

When installing fence posts, do not forget that metal pipes are susceptible to corrosion. Therefore, be sure to use a special paint for metal that protects the surface from corrosion under the influence of precipitation.